Allogeneic stem cell transplantation

What is Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant?

The procedure of an allogeneic stem-cell transplant is a life-saving process that involves healthy stem cells being transferred from an source to the patient’s bone marrow has been damaged or is diseased. The stem cells are able to regenerate the patient’s blood supply and immune system. The donor could be a match family member, unrelated volunteer or even an unrelated or partially-matched relatives (haploidentical donor).

This kind of transplant is usually utilized in the treatment of tumors in the blood as well as certain immune or genetic disorders that aren’t treatable by standard treatments.

How Does It Work?

Prior to the transplant, the patient goes through the conditioning treatment typically it is a combination of chemotherapy, and radiation. This procedure eliminates any abnormal cells, reduces the immune system to avoid rejection, and allows for stem cells to expand.

After conditioning:

• Stem cells from donors are introduced into bloodstreams through an IV.

• These cells move through the bone marrow.

• As time passes, they start making healthful blood cells -which is a process known as “engraftment.”.

Who can benefit from An Allogeneic Transplant?

The transplant is usually advised for:

• Leukemia

• Lymphoma

• Aplastic Anemia

• Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

• Blood disorders that are genetically inherited such as thalassemia and sickle cell anemia

• Some immune system problems

Allogeneic transplants can replace a defective immune system and, in some cases, completely eliminate the disease through a process called the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) or graft-versus-tumor effect.

Graft-Versus-Tumor Effect: An Added Benefit

When engraftment is complete and the donor’s white blood cells can be able to identify and kill any remaining cancerous cells. This effect of grafts-versus-tumor is specific to allogeneic transplantation, and is the reason why this procedure is an long-term solution for a variety of blood cancers.

Types of Donor Matches

• MATCHED SIBRY DONOR (MSD) – Ideal match between a brother and sister.

• MUTCHED UNRELATED DONOR (MUD) – Identified through donor registrations.

• Haploidentical donor Half-matched donors usually parents or children.

• Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant uses stem cells stored in cord blood cells.

Risks and Complications

Like all medical procedures that are complex Allogeneic transplants are accompanied by certain potential risks:

1. Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD)

In GVHD In GVHD, the immune cells can attack healthy tissues of the patient. The affected tissues include the skin and eyes, stomach, liver as well as joints. The severity can vary from minimal to life-threatening, however it can be treated in the majority of cases.

2. Graft Rejection

Sometimes the patient’s immune system could reject donor cells, hindering the an effective engraftment.

3. Infections and Delayed Recovery

Due to a weakened immune system patients are at risk of developing infections in the initial healing phase. Close monitoring is essential.

Reduced-Intensity Conditioning (RIC)

For those who are older or who suffer from pre-existing health problems We offer lower-intensity transplantation that uses less invasive chemotherapy. This procedure reduces the chance of adverse unwanted side effects but still allows the cells of donors to engraft and fight diseases.

Allogeneic Transplant Expertise in Hyderabad

Our transplant center located in Hyderabad comes with state-of-the-art infrastructure with HEPA-filtered isolation devices, and sophisticated diagnostic tools. With the help of Dr. Padamaja Lokireddy, a highly experienced transplant doctor, we offer customized treatment plans that are individualized and ongoing support throughout your journey to transplant.